The main memory representation broken into to tables to fit on the screen/page. Addresses and contents of cells are expressed as hexadecimal values.

Segment 0

Segment 1

Segment 2

Segment 3

Line 0

Line 1

Line 2

Line 3

Line 0

Line 1

Line 2

Line 3

Line 0

Line 1

Line 2

Line 3

Line 0

Line 1

Line 2

Line 3

Mem Addr

00

01

02

03

04

05

06

07

08

09

0a

0b

0c

0d

0e

0f

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

m

18

19

1a

m

1c

1d

1e

1f

Data

D

o

n

'

t

-

c

r

y

-

b

e

c

a

u

s

e

-

i

t

'

s

-

o

v

e

r

,

Segment 4

Segment 5

Segment 6

Segment 7

Line 0

Line 1

Line 2

Line 3

Line 0

Line 1

Line 2

Line 3

Line 0

Line 1

Line 2

Line 3

Line 0

Line 1

Line 2

Line 3

Mem Addr

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

2a

2b

2c

2d

2e

2f

30

31

32

33

34

35

36

S

38

39

3a

3b

3c

3d

3e

3f

Data

s

m

i

l

e

-

b

e

c

a

u

s

e

-

i

t

-

h

a

p

p

e

n

e

d

.

The data cache is 2 cells by 4 lines, each cell holds 1 byte of data. But, because it is 2-way set associative, there are two instances of the cache.

Only data is cached in this example (not instuctions).

Empty cache Click to see 2-way cache in action.	LDA $00 - Miss - S	ADC $0A - Miss - e2	SBC $22 - Miss - b4
	00h = 00000 00 0b tag = 0, line = 0, byte = 0	0Ah = 00001 o 0b tag = 1, line = 1, byte = 0	22h = 00100 o 0b tag = 4, line = 1, byte = 0
Line Tag  Data  03       02       o       00       03       02       o       00       Grey not part of cache	Line Tag  Data  03       02       o       00       03       02       o       00 0 S o Grey not part of cache	Line Tag  Data  03       02       o       00       03       02       o 1 e2 dc 00 0 S o Grey not part of cache	Line Tag  Data  03       02       o 4 b4 a1 00       03       02       o 1 e2 dc 00 0 S o Grey not part of cache

LDA $o - Hit - o	ADC $0B - Hit - dc	STA $23 - Hit - 4b
01h = 00000 00 m tag = 0, line = 0, byte = 1	0Bh = 00001 o m tag = 1, line = 1, byte = 1	23h = 00100 o m tag = 4, line = 1, byte = 1
Line Tag  Data  03       02       o 4 b4 4b 00       03       02       o 1 e2 dc 00 0 S o Grey not part of cache	Line Tag  Data  03       02       o 4 b4 4b 00       03       02       o 1 e2 dc 00 0 S o Grey not part of cache	Line Tag  Data  03       02       o 4 b4 4b 00       03       02       o 1 e2 dc 00 0 S o Grey not part of cache

LDA $02 - Miss - -	ADC $0C - Miss - b8	SBC $24 - Miss - a1
02h = 00000 o 0b tag = 0, line = 1, byte = 0	0Ch = 00001 10 0b tag = 1, line = 2, byte = 0	24h = 00100 10 0b tag = 4, line = 2, byte = 0
Line Tag  Data  03       02       o 4 b4 4b 00       03       02       o 0 - m 00 0 S o Grey not part of cache	Line Tag  Data  03       02       o 4 b4 4b 00       03       02 1 b8 35 o 0 - m 00 0 S o Grey not part of cache	Line Tag  Data  03       02 4 a1 7c o 4 b4 4b 00       03       02 1 b8 35 o 0 - m 00 0 S o Grey not part of cache

ADC $03 - Hit - m	ADC $0D - Hit - 35	SBC $25 - Hit - 7c
03h = 00000 o m tag = 0, line = 1, byte = 1	0Dh = 00001 10 m tag = 1, line = 2, byte = 1	25h = 00100 10 m tag = 4, line = 2, byte = 1
Line Tag  Data  03       02 4 a1 7c o 4 b4 4b 00       03       02 1 b8 35 o 0 - m 00 0 S o Grey not part of cache	Line Tag  Data  03       02 4 a1 7c o 4 b4 4b 00       03       02 1 b8 35 o 0 - m 00 0 S o Grey not part of cache	Line Tag  Data  03       02 4 a1 7c o 4 b4 4b 00       03       02 1 b8 35 o 0 - m 00 0 S o Grey not part of cache